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- The Battle of Mogadishu 25 years later: How the fateful fight changed combat operations
- Les + meilleures images de Somalia | somalie, afrique, somalienne
Welcome to the United Nations. Toggle navigation Language:. Africa Renewal. Somalia rising from the ashes Get monthly e-newsletter. Somalia rising from the ashes. From Africa Renewal:. April Sulaiman Momodu. Somalis prepare coffee for customers in a Mogadishu restaurant. Security concerns Although the African Union and Somali forces have driven the Al-Qaeda-linked Al-Shabaab militants, who once ruled most of Somalia, out of Mogadishu, officials admit that security is still a difficult issue.
Also in this issue. Cover Story. By Busani Bafana. By Franck Kuwonu. Focus on Cities. Kigali sparkles on the hills. Lagos now wears a new look. By Kingsley Ighobor. Urbanization is a tool for development.
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By Newton Kanhema. Abidjan regains its glamour. SDGs: No one will be left behind.
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By Masimba Tafirenyika. Africa looks to its entrepreneurs. By Raphael Obonyo. Mbeki panel ramps up war against illicit financial flows. Boost in Japan-Africa ties. By Zipporah Musau. Bamboo taking root in Africa. The Paris climate deal and Africa. By Richard Munang. Harvesting the sun. A new Burkina Faso in the making. By Ernest Harsch.
Terrorism overshadows internal conflicts. By Lansana Gberie. Drones are effective in protecting civilians. By Sulaiman Momodu. Altogether, the hour urban firefight, later known as the Battle of Mogadishu, left 18 Americans and hundreds of Somalis dead. News outlets broadcast searing images of jubilant mobs dragging the bodies of dead Army special operators and helicopter crewmen through the streets of Mogadishu.
The newly elected U. For Somalis, the consequences were severe. Civil war raged—Aidid himself was killed in the fighting in —and the country remained lawless for decades. Wealthy and educated Somalis fled.
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When I visited Somalia for the first time, in , the country was well off the map of world interest. There were no commercial flights to the capital city, but each morning small planes took off from Wilson Airport in Nairobi, Kenya, for rural landing strips throughout the country. My plane was met by a small platoon of hired gunmen. On our way into the city, smaller bands of brigands grudgingly removed barriers that had been stretched across the dirt road to halt traffic.
The driver of my vehicle tossed fistfuls of near-worthless paper Somali shillings as we passed these local versions of tollbooths. The city itself was in ruins. The few large buildings were battle-scarred and filled with squatters, whose fires glowed through windows empty of glass and stripped of aluminum frames.
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Gas generators banged away to provide power to those few places where people could afford it. Militias fought along the borders of city sectors, filling the hospitals with bloody fighters, most of them teenagers. The streets were mostly empty, except for caravans of gunmen. Without government, laws, schools, trash pickups or any feature of civil society, extended clans offered the only semblance of safety or order. Most were at war with each other for scarce resources.
I described this wasteland in my book about the Battle of Mogadishu and its aftermath, Black Hawk Down the basis of the movie directed by Ridley Scott. When I returned to the States and spoke to college audiences about the state of things in Somalia, I would ask if there were any anarchists in the crowd.
Usually a hand or two went up. The consequences were felt in America, too. After Mogadishu, the United States became wary of deploying ground forces anywhere.
The Battle of Mogadishu 25 years later: How the fateful fight changed combat operations
So there was no help from America in when Rwandan Hutus slaughtered as many as a million of their Tutsi countrymen. Despite a global outcry, U. That isolationism ended abruptly on September 11, But even as Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama sent troops to Iraq and Afghanistan, they kept their distance from the Islamic insurgents in Somalia. During the last two years of the Obama administration, there were only 18 airstrikes both drones and manned on Somalia.
Now things are changing. In the past two years, U. The number of American forces on the ground has doubled, to about Alexander Conrad was killed and four others wounded in June of this year during a joint mission in Jubaland. All of this might raise the question: What do we expect to achieve by returning to Somalia? After years of turmoil in Afghanistan and Iraq, why should we expect this mission to be any different?
A casual visitor to Mogadishu today might not see an urgent need for U. There are tall new buildings, and most of the old shanties have been replaced by houses. There are police, sanitation crews and new construction everywhere. Peaceful streets and thriving markets have begun to restore the city to its former glory as a seaside resort and port.
Les + meilleures images de Somalia | somalie, afrique, somalienne
Somali expatriates have begun reinvesting, and some are returning. The airport is up and running, with regular Turkish Airlines flights. Miguel Castellanos first entered Mogadishu as a young Army officer with the Tenth Mountain Division in , looking down from the open door of a Black Hawk helicopter.
He is now the senior U. Somalia largely has its neighbors to thank for this prosperity. The United States lent support in the form of training and equipment. The problem is in the rural areas. There, basic security depends almost entirely on local militias whose loyalties are tied to clans and warlords.
That is where the appeal of this group comes. So far, the United States has been dealing with this threat with a string of targeted killings. Top Shabab leaders were killed by U. But the experts I spoke with told me these hits may not ultimately accomplish much. Don Bolduc, who until last year commanded Special Operations in Africa and directly oversaw such efforts. Every expert I spoke with recommended investing in rebuilding the country instead.
They trained the Puntland militias but offered no air or ground support. Working entirely on their own, Somali forces moved from southern Puntland up to a northern port where the Islamic State a rival of the Shabab had established control. They took back everything and secured it in about a week.
Schwartz says this success could be replicated throughout Somalia if the United States invested a fraction of what it has been spending on special operators and drones.